tugas Softskill

Indirect Speech & reported specch

Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tidak Langsung) adalah kalimat yang mengatakan, melaporkan kembali ucapan seseorang tanpa mengubah maksud apa yang dikatakan si pembicara.

Reported Speech (Kalimat yang di laporkan) adalah kalimat yang melaporkan kembali ucapaan seseorang tanpa mengubah maksud yang di katakan si pembicara, reported speech bisa di katakan sebagai nama lain dari indirect speech.



.:. For Example Indirect Speech/Reported Speech

Indirect Speech/Reported Speech Sentence
.: Tono said that Tina had bought a new car
.: Joko said that her parents were very well
.: Doni said that she was going to give up smoking
.: Samuel said that she couldn’t come to the party on Saturday

Dari contoh di atas dapat disimpulkan perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari Reported speech/Indirect Speech sebagai berikut :

Indirect Speech/Reported speech

.: Simple present Menjadi Simple past

.: Present continuous Menjadi Past continuous

.: Present perfect Menjadi Past perfect

.: Present perfect continuous Menjadi Past perfect continuous

.: Simple past Menjadi Past perfect

.: Past continuous Menjadi Past perfect continuous

.: Future Menjadi Past

.: Present Menjadi Past

Di dalam Reported Speech/Indirect Speech, terdapat perubahan-perubahan kedalam bentuk lampau (the past)

Misalnya:
.: Am/ is menjadi was
.: Are menjadi was/were
.: Have/has menjadi had
.: Have to menjadi had to
.: Has to menjadi had to
.: Shall menjadi should
.: Will menjadi would
.: Can menjadi could
.: May menjadi might
.: Walk menjadi walked
.: Wear menjadi wore

tugas softskill (B.Inggris)

Adverb Clause

Adverbial Clause adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yakni menerangkan kata kerja.

Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction (kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).

Jenis-jenis Adverbial Clause

1.Clause of time

Clause yang menunjukkan waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti after, before, no sooner, while, as, dll.

Contoh:

· Shut the door before you go out.

· You may begin when(ever) you are ready.

· While he was walking home, he saw an accident.

· By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.

· No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

1.Clause of place

Clause yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction seperti where, nowhere, anywhere, wherever, dll.

Contoh:

· They sat down wherever they could find empty seats

· The guard stood where he was positioned.

· Where there is a will, there is a way.

· Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.

· Go where you like.

3.Clause of Countrast

Clause yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang saling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as the time, dll.

Contoh:

· As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.

· Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.

· Although it is late, we'll stay a little longer.

· He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

4. Clause of Manner

Clause yang menunjukkan cars bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti as, how, like, in that, dll.

Contoh:

· He did as I told him.

· You may finish it how you like.

· They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.

5. Clause of Purpose and Result

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan maksud/tujuan dan hasil. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan kata penghubung seperti (in order) that, so that, in the hope that, to the end that, lest, in case, dll.

Contoh:

· They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.

· She bought a book so (that) she could learn English

· He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.

· I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.

6.Clause of effect and cause

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.

Contoh:

· Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.

· It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.

· The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.

· The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.

7. Clause of Condition

Clause yang menunjukkan adanya persyaratan antara dua kejadian (peristiwa) yang berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunctions seperti if, even if, unless, in the even that, or in even that, in case, provided (that), providing (that), on condition that, if only, suppose (that), supposing (that), dll.

Contoh:

· If I see him, I will invite him to the party tomorrow.

· She would forgive her husband everything, if only he would come back to her.

· The company will agree to arbitration on condition (that) the strike is called off at once.

· We should be able to do the job for you quickly, provided (that) you give us all the necessary information.